And why the US and China are fighting over silicon in the first place.
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In October 2022, the Biden administration placed a large-scale ban on the sale of advanced semiconductor chips to China. They also implemented a series of other rules that prevents China from making these chips on their own. These chips are used in everyday technology, like our mobile phones and computers. They’re also crucial to military and intelligence systems, which is one of the main reasons they're at the center of a feud between the United States and China.
Microchips were first invented in the US in the 1950s, after which their use rapidly expanded worldwide. Since then, the supply chain for these chips has grown and spread to include countries in Europe and Asia. And while some countries have caught up to the US's edge in making these advanced chips, China still falls far behind despite multiple attempts to gain an advantage.
Watch the latest episode of Vox Atlas to understand why China is losing a new cold war with the US over microchips.
Sources and further reading:
We found this book written by Chris Miller very helpful for understanding the history of chip development in the US and the foreign policy behind its competition and feud with China:
Chip War: The Fight for the World's Most Critical Technology
https://www.amazon.com/Chip-War-Worlds-Critical-Technology/dp/1982172002
This book gave us great context on China’s efforts to acquire foreign technology:
Chinese Industrial Espionage by Anna Puglisi
https://www.amazon.com/Books-Anna-B-Puglisi/s?rh=n%3A283155%2Cp_27%3AAnna+B.+Puglisi
Articles like this by Chien-Huei Wu helped us learn more about how much the US replies on east asian countries for successful technology:
https://thediplomat.com/2022/05/east-asian-firms-are-critical-to-americas-semiconductor-success/
Reporting by Bloomberg helped us understand major IP theft cases related to semiconductor chips:
https://cset.georgetown.edu/article/engineer-who-fled-charges-of-stealing-chip-technology-in-us-now-thrives-in-china/
An excellent report for more detail:
Gregory Allen, CSIS https://www.csis.org/analysis/choking-chinas-access-future-ai
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